The whole ad hoc group formation approach indicates that Apple understands the core value of social networking: exclusion. Let me explain.

If you want to communicate with everyone and anyone, you launch a blog or Twitter feed. But when you want to control who can see what you post, you turn to Facebook. Social networking sites get nearly all of their value from the control you have in blocking strangers and other undesirables. The iGroups system seems to do exactly that. Instead of creating a social network based on anybody and everybody who's nearby, iGroups enables the formation of closed groups. In order to be approved into a group, you might have to be both physically near and approved by the group creator.

Illustrations of the technology included with the patent show a view of the iGroups app on an iPhone that includes buttons for "Settings," "Calendar," "Address Book," "SMS," and "Mail." Once your group is established, you probably can -- with a single button-push -- invite all to a meeting, place all in your "Address Book," text everyone with a broadcast SMS or send everyone an e-mail.

It's curious and possibly telling that the patent talks about an "Address Book" app when the iPhone app is actually called "Contacts." One possibility is that this reflects a new way to look at a social network. While "Address Book" implies details about addresses and phone numbers," "Contacts" implies more of a social networking-oriented "people I know" idea. So maybe Apple is dropping the "Contacts" nomenclature in favor of iGroups social networking, but retaining a separate place for phone numbers and so on, which will be renamed as "Address Book." Or the patent application has a typo.

iGroups would enable you to check your iPhone to see who's nearby. You could do this manually during, say, a business meeting. Once you've formed your group, you could automatically capture their contact information into your Contacts app. No need for business cards.