Finally, the FCC would hold the forward auctions through which wireless operators would bid on and eventually purchase new licenses to build out their networks.

Some TV station operators, represented in Washington by the National Association of Broadcasters, have raised concerns about how the auctions will proceed, and while the NAB has voiced support for the concept as a general matter, it has warned that the auctions must be truly voluntary. NAB President Gordon Smith is slated to address the media about the FCC's move later this afternoon, and a spokesman association declined to comment ahead of those remarks.

Trade groups representing various corners of the tech industry were quick to praise the vote, however.

"Today's action by the chairman and commissioners was an important step toward alleviating the looming spectrum crisis that we've been warning policymakers about for the last three years," Steve Largent, president and CEO of CTIA, the principal association representing the wireless industry, said in a statement.

Similar plaudits came rolling in from TechAmerica and the Consumer Electronics Association.