1. Canada should leverage its position among the G-8 to convene a meeting of major powers to formulate a Treaty of Cyberspace recognizing that this domain is now of equal importance to that of land, air, space and sea. The preamble of this treaty should make it clear that cyberspace is a valuable global commons that should be protected and preserved for citizens of the world

2. Canada should take a leading role in defining international mechanisms for dealing with cyber incidents at a global level, including: cyber crime, denial of service attacks, viruses and cyber espionage networks of the type we encountered in Ghost-Net. None of the existing institutions -- from Interpol to the Cyber crime Convention to NATO's CyberCentre of Excellence to The ITU's IMPACT -- are properly established or mandated for the exchange of information and best practices required in this area

3. Canada needs a foreign policy that explicitly includes cyberspace as a means for projecting Canadian values. This should include research and development into cyber technologies that promote free speech, privacy and access to information.

(With files from Owen Fletcher, IDG News Service - Beijing)