"I expect them to fail," said Michael Balhoff, managing partner of Balhoff & Rowe LLC, a think tank and advocacy firm focused on the telecommunications industry. And with that failure will come risk to taxpayers, Balhoff added.

Esme Vos, editor of MuniWireless.com, a site that covers the municipal wireless movement, disagreed just as vehemently, claiming that the strongest muni Wi-Fi opponents, the incumbent telecommunications companies, just want to protect their business interests.

"They want to control the network," Vos said. "In most municipalities, it's cable and them. They don't want a third entity to build a competitor. They just don't like competition."

A number of smaller municipalities already have wireless networks in place, and construction is under way on networks in some big cities, such as Philadelphia. In fact, municipal wireless networks are being built -- or soon will be -- in about 300 U.S. municipalities, according to Vos.

The three most heatedly debated issues in the muni wireless debate are 1) Should government be involved in such projects, or should they be left to the private sector? 2) Are taxpayers at risk? and 3) Is wireless technology up to the task?