The enormous five-year pact, worth nearly US$600 million, covers all aspects of the U.S. Census Bureau Field Data Collection Automation Project and was awarded to Harris Corp. in Melbourne, Fla., according to the bureau and Harris Corp.

"We are revolutionizing the census," Census Bureau Director Louis Kincannon said in a statement announcing the contract award late last week. "The handheld computers are an integral part of a reengineered 2010 Census."

The pocket-sized handhelds will run Windows Mobile 5.0 on hardware from High Tech Computer Corp. in Taiwan, said Bruce Buckley, director of Census business development for Harris. The specific model, still under development, will be based on consumer handheld technology that has been customized and made semi-rugged for Census use, Buckley said. It will have a 10-hour battery life to allow Census staffers to work all day asking essential questions. And it will include a cellular data radio that sends data to a Census office over a Sprint Nextel Corp. private network as Census staffers work throughout neighborhoods. A traditional phone line connection port will be custom-installed for backup connections instead of allowing flash cards to be inserted and removed.

Contrary to some early reports about the contract, There will be no voice capability -- a decision made to comply with government security requirements, Buckley said. All data collected at each home will be encrypted and stored on the device and transmitted over the private network immediately or at set intervals. If a census taker fails to send the data, the handheld will do so on its own. Census takers will also be able to receive data, such as advisories that say a resident has already filed a paper census survey and can be skipped, Buckley said. There will be no keyboard; data input will be primarily through use of a stylus tapping a color screen bright enough to be seen outside.

The contract with Harris covers IT infrastructure, support services, and hardware and software needed to support a network for almost 455 local Census offices around the country, according to the Census Bureau. Other vendors involved include Accenture, which will be providing mobile device application development, and Unisys Corp., providing field office automation equipment related to the mobile computing initiative. Dell will provide PCs and servers and Oracle Corp. will provide some enterprise software. Headstrong Corp. in Fairfax, Va. will provide systems engineering expertise.